The National Association of Home Builders released guidance on Chinese drywall remediation Wednesday in hopes of helping remediators, homebuilders and homeowners take care of the issue.
The guidance was compiled by risk analytics firm Marsh Risk Consulting and Maryland-based Building Health Sciences after several months of scientific study. Both entities noted the guidance is only to be used in relation to single-family, detached homes and not for commercial properties.
Defective Chinese drywall and the health problems associated with it have become a major issue in recent years. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, many homes around the Gulf of Mexico were rebuilt using the Chinese material after a shortage in U.S.-produced drywall. As of Jan. 7, there were 3,770 incidents reported of defective drywall, according to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Florida has the most with 2,137 cases, followed by Louisiana with 704 cases and Alabama with 215.
The NAHB guidance lays out a basic structure and step-by-step framework for dealing with a home potentially infected with problematic drywall. The framework consists of three testing phases, each with a different purpose. The recommended method of testing is an air corrosivity test with a metal probe, according to Barbara Manis, chief medical officer for Building Health Sciences.
This method measures the amount of corrosive substances commonly produced by defective drywall. A probe is the most cost effective and ease-of-use device for this type of testing, Manis said in a teleconference Wednesday afternoon.
The first test calculates the baseline measurement, which is taken after a home has been inspected and classified at potentially hazardous. It must be performed prior to any drywall removal. Following the initial baseline measurement of toxic drywall, a homebuilder or remediator must prepare for deconstruction of the defective property areas by fully documenting the infected drywall, putting all personal property items into storage and putting their plan in writing.
The NAHB advised its members to remove and replace all low-voltage, signal or data wiring, replace switches and receptacles, as well as smoke, fire and carbon monoxide alarms as preparation for the deconstruction process. Lighting fixtures should be inspected for evidence of corrosion, the guidance states, however this hardware can usually be reused after deconstruction.
Builders are advised to remove and replace the coils in all air-handling units and all duct work and sheet metal in the property. All low-voltage signal wire to HVAC controls should also be replaced, the NAHB said.
Actual deconstruction is accomplished in two ways as defined by the NAHB guidance: total and selective. Total remediation refers to removing all drywall products and building systems, including cabinetry, carpeting and plumbing fixtures among many other items. Selective drywall usually refers to old homes that have been remodeled and updated with defective drywall.
"We're not talking about one panel in a room that's next to another non-problematic piece of drywall," commented Katherine Cahill, global product risk practice leader at Marsh Risk Consulting. She was also on the conference call.
The NAHB also released strict guidelines on cleaning a property after the defective drywall has been removed. All building materials must be removed and the floor swept thoroughly. The home should be vacuumed with high efficiency particulate air filters and afterward blown by large volume fans with HEPA filters, NAHB said. Then a homebuilder is required to use compressed air to "blow down" all surface areas and then air-out the house for at least 14 days.
"I cannot emphasize enough, for all those conducting the remediation process, how important this step is," Cahill said.
It's at this point the remediator does the second test called a clearance measurement. This test ensures no toxic material is left in the home. If the test comes back with an indication of airborne drywall substances still in the home, the cleaning and airing-out processes must be performed again before initiating the rebuild of the property, according to the guidance.
If the clearance measurement indicates no toxic substances, a builder may proceed to build back the rest of the property. He or she performs a third test, known as a re-occupancy measurement, that tests the level of toxic substance in the air after the walls have been built back. This measurement verifies the elimination of defective drywall by associated various airborne compounds.
To see a copy of the guidance in its complete form, click here.
Write to Christine Ricciardi.
Follow her on Twitter @HWnewbieCR.
The argument on yield spread premium is, at best, a circular one.
In reality, it's a procyclical distraction from the very real fact the mortgage finance system is now designed to put an end to mortgage brokers as we know them.
On Tuesday, HousingWire published an op-ed from our frequent columnist Rick Grant. In the headline, he asks "What’s our message about loan officer compensation?" Let's be clear, when our columnists say "ours," they mean from their own perspective.
Indeed, many letters to the editor Wednesday pointed to Grant's unfortunate run in with a bad broker on a second lien as a primary reason for an attack on loan officers.
I don't think this is the case. And I don't think arguing provides anything more than a distraction to the fact that the hopes of mortgage brokers are fading fast.
And let's look at who is in their corner. The National Association of Mortgage Brokers and the National Association of Independent Housing Professionals both sued the Federal Reserve for its final rule on loan originator compensation and yield spread premium disclosure under Regulation Z, coming into force in about two week's time.
(The Federal Reserve is hosting a webinar tomorrow on Regulation Z, the slides from which can be previewed by clicking here.)
On Tuesday, House Financial Services Committee, Chairman Spencer Bachus sent a letter to Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke, asking for an extension the implementation date of the loan originator compensation rule.
The letter notes that industry members complain that the final regulation is “intentionally vague,” and the Board refused to provide formal guidance and Fed staff provide different interpretations of its meaning, according to law firm Patton Boggs.
Broker reaction to Regulation Z is predictable: "Small shops like mine are being told by some lenders how we can pay our loan officers," said Naomi Farley a mortgage broker at Pasedena, Calif.-based Mortgage Resources. "What other business is told how to pay their independent contractors?"
"We are brokers paying salespeople, just like Realtors are brokers paying salespeople," she added. "They are not being told their people have to be hourly or salaried, as some banks have interpreted 'the final rule' to say. Needless to say, the Fed attorney who wrote this rule seems to be all powerful and overruling the IRS, and largely unavailable for discussion."
But the interesting issue, one the trade groups are hoping on, is that lender-originated loans don't need to follow the same yield spread premium disclosure.
So, it is clear that the playing field is uneven. And the game is one-sided.
Take for example the judge consolidating the two lawsuits into one (NAMB will challenge this). That is a clear move of the "us against them" attitude that prevails against brokers.
"The Fed has unlimited resources while NAMB and NAIHP are fighting for members in a constantly constricting space," said one source in the middle of the fight. "Do the math: there aren't too many brokers left, almost no bad brokers, and what's left the Fed wants out of business."
"And while the trade groups fight, mom-and-pop brokers are going out of business right now," the source told HousingWire.
Marc Savitt, the president of the NAIHP, estimates brokers are involved in only 10% of mortgage originations today. "That's because there have been rumors, there has been speculation, but there is no proof that YSP is a tool for the inherent victimization of consumers," he said.
"The consumer has a right to see every aspect of their loan," he said, in reference to the uneven application of Reg Z disclosure. "And frankly vilifying YSP is getting a little old."
I could not immediately verify Savitt's claim that loans are usually cheaper when one goes through a broker than when using a lender. But it's hard not to see the regulations as inadvertently anti-capitalist. But, today, most regulation seems to be a gift to the biggest lenders and players.
Comments Wednesday by Elizabeth Warren from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau are promising for brokers. She described talking to those who put together mortgage loans and seemed sincerely sympathetic to their plight.
The first order of business is to consolidate TILA and RESPA forms. But this, too, is a concern. With consolidation as a more common and useful tactic, why do the broker trade groups appear so fractious?
A YouTube video by NAMB Chairman Mike Anderson, appears uncoached and extemporaneous. Blog postings by Savitt move from an adversarial tone to one of clear frustration.
"It has come to my attention certain persons within NAMB, have been insinuating difficulties with our lawsuit against the Fed, because our attorney will be changing law firms," he writes at one point.
"It’s unfortunate; NAIHP must endure continued attacks by some in our own industry," he writes in another post. In yet another, Savitt laments the "mixed messages" Anderson is sending.
Come July 21, the CFPB will be in charge. Whether or not this proves to be a total positive is unclear.
However, suing the Fed over Regulation Z with the April implementation right on top of us feels rushed, confused and uncoordinated.
At what point will any aspect of mortgage finance be able to launch an independent defense of itself?
Keeping in mind all of this is in the context of the editor's chair, look at the trending topics. There is a clear desire to reduce the size of monoliths in the mortgage market: The government-sponsored enterprises, the big four.
The slippery slope is that owners and employees of either the big banks or small mortgage lenders will spend their careers forever toeing middle-market positions.f
The real shame is such unreasonable logic is not outside the realm of possibility.
And speaking on the fading hopes erstwhile, I can't help but wonder how many small brokers went out of business in the time it took to write this column.
Jacob Gaffney is the editor of HousingWire.
Write to Jacob Gaffney.
Follow him on Twitter @JacobGaffney.
Tags: CFPB, Federal Reserve, loan officers, mortgage, Mortgage Resources, National Association of Independent Housing Professionals, National Association of Mortgage Brokers, Regulation Z
Posted in Commentary, Jacob Gaffney, Voices | 3 Comments »